S4F: We Hold Universal Truths to Be Not Self-Evident

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By David Siegel Bernstein, PhD
I spat out some enormous numbers in my last S4F, Fiction by the Numbers. I reported the size of the universe, but failed to give it any context. I intend to use this space (get it: space) to emphasize what we can and can never know about the universe.

Fact Statement: there is the universe we live in, and there is the universe we can see (the “observable” universe). They are not the same—not by a long shot!

There are distant regions of the universe whose emitted light hasn’t had enough time to reach us, but will at some distant time. We will see their light; just not for a long time. There are other regions we’ll sadly never observe because their light can never reach us due to the expansion pulling these areas of the universe away from us faster than the speed of light.

Wait! Did I say faster than light?

I believe I did.

An interesting property of the expansion is the speed-of-light speed limit is not violated. I report the numeric value of the expansion in Fiction by the Numbers. According to special relativity nothing within space can accelerate to speeds faster than light; however space itself has no such limitation. The speed limit only applies to the motion of light or objects IN space and doesn’t apply to how fast empty space between objects can expand. For a further discussion on relativity see my posting, Do You Know the Time? Part II.

Yes, there’s parts of the universe we’ll never know about, but this needn’t be bad news for a fiction writer.  If you write SF are then use your unique sense of wonder—a writer’s trait—to imagine what is happing outside our small sphere.

See you in time and space… and S4F

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